Menstruation and its Rules and the Rules of Menstruant Woman
The blood of the menses (periods) (courses) often is black or red (hot, fresh, immature). It has influx (pouring) and burning. Sometimes it loses its qualities.
How to distinguish it; There are many ways:
1. The blood of the periods (courses) does not fall (get down), unless the woman reaches (attains) the age of nine (lunar year).
2. The blood of the menses (periods) does not get down when the woman reaches the age of fifty, but in the "Quraishi" woman (60) years.
3. The time of menses is not less than three days (Successively) namely three day-times and between them two nights.
4. The blood of the menstruation is not more than ten days (does not exceed).
5. The least period (minimum) of purity between the two menses (courses) is ten days.
6. The blood must go out from the place (vulva) outside. In this case, the movement of the blood from the womb (matrix) to the vagina is not enough to prove the rules of the blood of menses.
Menstruation
The Rules of Menstruation (menses)
The falling of menses blood requires delaying (putting off) the prayer for the menstruant woman and fasting too. Every worship is stopping because of the purity of happening (Hadath) until the end of the menses days. It is not sufficient (enough) in validity of prayer just finishing the monthly period (menses), but there must be the purity washing from the happening of menses (menses Hadath).
The Rules of Menstruant Woman
It is prohibited for the menstruant woman, as the self-polluted person, to enter the Holy Mosque (AL-Masjid AL-Haram) and the prophet's mosque, and staying at the other mosques, and the touching of Koran writing and others. It is also not allowed to practise sexual inter-course as well as her husband from the vulva or from the anus (back-side) since blood is going on. Also it is not allowed to divorce the woman, if she was menstruant except some cases mentioned in "AL-Deen AL-Qayyim, worships with other details.
The Blood of "Istihadha": It is the blood that the woman sees not inthe days of monthly menses (the appointment of menstruation). It is not because of a wound, ulceration, or mense or lying-in (confinement). Often its colour is yellow, cold, soft (tender). She could see it before her maturity and after it and during her menopause. All these cases are called "Istihadha" nearly similar to menses (periods).
The parts and the Rules of "Istihadha": AL-Istihadha has three categories (degrees) from the aspect of blood abundance (plenty). They are:
a. The little amount: in this case the blood that goes down is little and it may pollute (stain, dirty) the piece of cloth laid in the vulva and the blood will not enter into the inner part of the piece. The rule is, in this case, to change that cloth during prayer and washing the place and performing ablution for every prayer.
b. The Middle Amount:In this sort the size of the blood is middle and it penetrates (goes deeply) the middle of the piece of cloth, and it does not flow (run) to the other side. The rule, in this case, is like the deeds of the little "Istihadha" (blood) besides that washing every day before the prayer of dawn. This washing is not enough to replace ablution. So we must perform ablution too.
c. The Much Amount: In this kind, the blood is so much that it penetrates the cloth and flows (runs) from the other part. Its rule is like the little amount (blood), but with washing before the dawn prayer and another one (washing) for the prayer of noon and evening and gather between them. You separate the two prayers with ablution only. Then there is third washing before the prayer of the hour of sunset and the prayer of nightfall. Then we hasten (hurry) to them without delay to the prayer (for more details, see the pages (88,89,90) from "AL-Deen AL-Qayyim, (Worships).
The Blood of (Confinement) (Puerperium)
and its Rules
Confinement: Is the blood that goes down from the woman during the birth, or she may see that blood after ten days. The woman should be tranquil that the blood goes down for the sake of birth.
The characteristics of confinement Blood:
1. This blood should begin giong down after the birth directly, so the blood of labour (travail) to the (before) birth is not confinement.
2. There is no limit for confinement from the aspect of littleness (paucity). As for the plenty; (abudance), this can be limited by her periods (courses), and by her monthly menstruation, but by two conditions:
a. She must have stability (firmness) in her menses in number .
b. The blood must not exceed the number of days for her menstruation and if it exceeded the ten days and then stopped from the time of birth, then the total is confinement, if it went on after the ten days, the surplus blood (more than the days of menses) would be "Istihadha". So the woman should be careful and precautious between the monthly periods and the "tenth day", in other words she should give up (leave) the prohibitions concerning the confined woman, and she must perform the duties of the woman in the condition of "AL-Istihadha". (AL-Mustahadha).
3. Confinement is ten days from the time of birth with the existence of blood in them. If blood does not go down during all the ten days, then there is no confinement for her. If blood went down in some of them (the days), suppose on the fourth day or the fifth day from her birth, then that will be the beginning of her confinement, and it ends on the tenth day and after the ten days is "Istihadha".
4. If the woman saw the blood after birth without separation of duration, Then blood stopped (discontinued) one day or more, then it went down again before the tenth day, then there are two forms (shapes):
The first: The second blood should not exceed the tenth day from the day of blood (the first blood) giong down, in this case, the total of the first blood and the second blood is (equals) confinement. The rules will be applied to the period of purity (cleanness) which intervenes (comes between) between the two bloods. The better is to gather between the function of the confined and the menstruant (woman) ("AL-Mustahadha")
The Second: If the second blood exceeded the tenth day from birth, then there are cases too:-
a. She has to possess numeral (limited) periods (course) and it happened that the second blood was during the days of her menses, so in this case, the first blood is considered with what went down on her confinement (lying-in) and the period of purity (cleanness) if it was short, it would be attached (joined) with the confinement and the increase in the days of menses, is considered "Istihadha".
b. If the woman has numeral menses (periods) and saw the blood a period of time after birth, then the blood stopped and purity period went on until the days of her menses went out (ended), then later, blood went down and exceeded the tenth day for birth. Then the first blood is confinement and the second blood is "Istihadha" and the period between them is a period of purity and cleanness.
c. If the woman has not numeral and limited menses, and blood went down on her after her birth, then it stopped aperiod then it went down on her again before passing of ten days and before the end of the days of her relatives' menses, then blood went on giong down until it exceeded the tenth day, then the confinement where it happened to go down during the days (the blood) of her relatives' menses. If the end of her relatives' menses was with the end of the tenth day of the birth day and if their menses (all) ended before the tenth day, then she must be careful (precautious) between the end of the menses and the tenth day.
d. If the woman has not menses and the blood went down after birth, then the blood stopped, then, after a period of purity, she saw blood again after the passing of her relatives' menses days, then blood went on until it exceeded the tenth day of birth, in this case confinement is the blood she saw first and the period of purity is pure (clean), but she must be precautious for the days of the second blood until the tenth day and after it by gathering between the rules of menses and "AL-Istihadha'.
Ther Rules of confinement and the confined:
1. The giong out of confinement blood is a great Hadath (happening) as the blood of menses which requires washing.
2. Prayer is not allowed with the existence of the three kinds of blood (menses, confinement and "Istihadha") on the clothes and on the body.
3. The things that are prohibited from the confined are the same for the menstruant (no difference, the same rules)
4. If it chanced to (happened to) her confinement in "Ramadhan" month, then she delays fasting later on, but she can not delay the prayer.
5. She washes for confinement in the same way for the washing of menses and "Istihadha" no difference, the same washing.